terça-feira, 26 de agosto de 2008

Cesariana Aumenta Risco de Diabetes em Bebês

Bebês que nascem por cesariana têm 20% mais chances de desenvolver diabetes tipo 1, indica uma pesquisa publicada na revista científica PubMed. Os pesquisadores da Queen's University, em Belfast, na Irlanda do Norte, revisaram 20 estudos já publicados sobre crianças nascidas por cesárea que sofrem de diabetes tipo 1.

Os resultados indicam que esse tipo de parto contribui para um aumento de 20% no risco do bebê se tornar diabético. Segundo os pesquisadores, esse aumento não pôde ser explicado por nenhum outro fator como peso da criança no nascimento, idade da mãe, diabetes na gestação ou aleitamento materno.

De acordo com Chris Cardwell, que liderou o estudo, é provável que esse aumento ocorra porque os bebês que nascem por esse método são expostos primeiro à bactéria proveniente do hospital, e não da mãe. O risco normal de um bebê desenvolver a diabetes do tipo 1 é de três para cada 1 mil crianças.

De acordo com Iain Frame, diretor de pesquisa da ONG Diabetes UK, que trabalha com pacientes diabéticos, as mães devem levar esse risco em consideração quando há escolha pelo tipo de parto.

"Já sabemos que a genética e as infecções infantis têm um papel importante no desenvolvimento da diabetes tipo 1 em crianças, mas os resultados desse estudo indicam que o modo como o bebê nasce pode afetar as chances de desenvolver essa condição", afirmou o diretor. Segundo ele, são necessárias mais pesquisas nessa área para descobrir a relação entre a cesariana e o risco de desenvolver a diabetes tipo 1.

Um levantamento encomendado pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil e divulgado em maio deste ano, usou dados de 2006 e indica que a cesariana representa 43% dos partos realizados no setor público e no privado. Entre as mulheres que utilizam planos de saúde, esse percentual é ainda maior e chega a 80%. No Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), 26% dos partos são cesáreas.

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